Icons, Logos, Symbols, Photographs, and Other Images

1. Type only logo
2. Symbol only logo

3. Type plus symbol logo

4. Textual identity or identifying phrase

"I'm Lovin' it!"

5. Religious icon

6. Non-religious icon with symbolic or cultural significance


7. Cropping of photograph to add emphasis or interest

8. Documentary photograph


9. Collage or photo essay

10. Photo or image using stereotypes

11. Political cartoon


12. Educational or instructional cartoon

13. Text or image showing intertextuality

Photo + puppets

14. Color to attract attention or create an atmosphere

15. Color to develop associations or aid retention

McDonalds: think red and yellow

Drawings, Charts, and Graphs

1. Caption

2. Textual citation or reference to table or figure


3. Table with text or numbers

4. Flow chart or process diagram

5. Organizational chart

6. Conceptual diagram

7. Framing with lines or boxes
8. Bar graph
9. Line graph

10. Pie chart
11. Pictograph

12. Ineffective graph


13. Chart junk or unethical graphic


14. Line drawing

15. Drawing using call-outs

16. Exploded view, cross section or blow up


17. Lines or images representing motion


18. Lines or images representing boundaries or divisions
19. Lines or images representing texture

20. Silhouette